Osteochondrosis is a complex of serious degenerative destruction of the cartilage tissue located between the vertebral vertebrae. In this pathological phenomenon, the discs themselves are affected, their changes in height, the bone tissue is damaged in the cervical region.The pathology has similar symptoms with some diseases. The main thing is to note the first signs of the body in time and undergo the diagnostic with the necessary treatment, otherwise osteochondrosis will begin to progress, cause migraine and blood circulation disorders. Basically, the pathology develops in people who have reduced motor activity. This is due to the fact that the exchange of mineral salts in the body is disturbed, which causes thinning of the connective tissue, as well as a decrease in their strength.
Causal factors of the occurrence of the disease
The neck is the most mobile part of the body, therefore experiences a constant load, as it is obliged to keep the head in a certain position. Some factors may have a negative effect on this area of the body and form inflammatory processes in the connective tissues of the body.
The reasons for the development of pathological deviations in the cervical vertebrae are:
- Not compliance with the rules of power, which is why excess weight set;
- functional change in the skeletal-muscular system;
- Hypodynamia;
- neck or spine injuries;
- excessive physical pressure on the spine;
- stress;
- Long -term physical tension of the cervical muscle frame;
- inheritance;
- Anomalies in bone development.
All these factors negatively influence the vertebrae of the cervical region, creating pressure, which leads to the involuntary tonic reduction of the smooth and skeletal muscles. Which leads to the formation of emotional processes, a slowdown in the functions of the metabolism, the development of dysfunctions and the degenerative changes in the cartilage. The vertebrae begin to deform, acquiring a non -standard shape and often go beyond the spinal column.
Symptoms of the disease
The initial phase of the pathological process is clearly visible from some signs.
- Cephalic syndrome. It is formed during cerebral angiospasm, tightening the cerebrospinal brain nerves, as well as against the background of the involuntary intracranial hypertension. It spreads through the occipital part of the head, the neck, which affects the shoulder region and the upper limbs. Pain syndrome can resemble a prolonged increase in blood pressure (hypertension), an attack by Angina Pectoris, a violation of brain circulation and manifest itself in the form of a paroxysmal, constant or pulsating nature. Anxiety can increase, mood swings arise, concentration of attention, a person becomes irritable, touchy;
- Vertigine occurs, the coordination of the movements is disturbed. Everything is accompanied by tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, disorientation. It is not always a sign of this pathology, since it can manifest itself due to media or internal otitis media, cardiac disorders, cerebral angiosospasm or altered nerve functionality. In addition, dizziness are often noted with a vestibular disorder;
Important!There are two types of dizziness. With non -systematic dizziness, the badness, stunning, appears, it is difficult for a person to be in a vertical position. But at the same time, the objects that fall to the sight do not rotate. And with the systemic system, the circular movement of all objects is manifested, which indicates violations in the work of the vestibular apparatus, visual perception, muscle spasms. This is a distinctive sign of dizziness for osteochondrosis.
- painful manifestations around the neck. The sensations of pain are located not only in muscle tissues, but also in the back, including the upper limbs. The occurrence of the pain suddenly develops and lasts for a long time and can have a short period. If the disease has not turned into a relapse, the pain passes after a while, while there will be an accompaniment of a slight specific sound (creaking);
- Arterial hypertension. When you pinch the nerve endings, a strong leap occurs in blood pressure. Therefore, if you observe greater pressure for a long time, this is not a symptom of osteochdrosis. The high pressure in this disease is combined with Cefalgia, painful pain in the hands, compressing the chest, the cervical-bothera region of the back loses its sensitivity. The state of weakness, fatigue, lack of strength in the muscles of the upper limbs.
Table. Classification of the osteocondrosis of the Cervical Region.
| Stage | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| 1 degree | The lordosis of the neck is slightly smooth. The occurrence of pain, intensifying as he moves his head. The emergence of a tense state and the weakness in the muscles of the lumbar region. |
| 2 degrees | There is a decrease in the size of the fibrous formations and crisiache, compressing the nerve branches. The pain is radiated in the back, in the hands, intensifies when it moves the neck. Cefalgical syndrome, a sense of fatigue, distraction, developing and performance is reduced. |
| 3 degrees | Sensations of constant pain in the upper ends, cervical and shoulder hotels. There is muscle weakness, numbness of the limbs. A hernia of intervertebral records is formed. The neck is inactive, it appears dizziness. |
| 4 degrees | Fibrous and Chrysline formations are destroyed. The connection fibers replace the destroyed cartilage. The destruction process can simultaneously affect more than one vertebral segment. The patient is completely disoriented, pain and vertigo increase. |
What is the danger of the disease?
The pathology damages the entire human body. With osteochondrosis, blood vessels, the nerve roots are strictly squeezed, leading to developing uncepted discomfortable encephalopathy, cepharyic syndrome, cardiac rhythm pathologies, visual, respiratory systems, concentration and coordination processes.
The disease tends to cause:
- Various brain pathologies;
- A number of vestibular, vascular and vegetative nature disorders;
- Acute violation of spinal circulation with the development of ischemia or bleeding (spinal race).
Diagnostics
Ways to diagnose the violations of the intervertebral discs.
- Radiography. Not quite effective in the last phase of the disease.
- Magnetic resonance imaging tomography (MRI). A research method, which transports detailed information on the presence of deviations, pathologies of the bone structure, connective tissue, whether there is a hernia, with the clarification of its size, position and growth.
- Computer tomography using the contrast. It allows you to determine the pathology in the vertebrae. The disadvantage in this study is the impossibility of determining the presence of the compression of the spinal cord.
- Ultrasound dopplerography. The effectiveness of this method is to determine the reduction of blood circulation through the blood vessels.
Characteristics of the treatment
In the treatment of osteochondosis of the cervical region, they are based on the degree of illness, on its characteristic clinical manifestations and form. Treatment can be carried out as:
- non -surgical therapy, whose purpose is to eliminate the symptoms, the manifestations of the disease to relieve the patient's condition using drugs and physiotherapy, therapeutic exercises, massage;
- surgery;
- combined therapy. In this method, the surgery is carried out with further treatment with drugs.
After a diagnostic examination, the specialist makes a final diagnosis and prescribes the necessary treatment according to the clinical picture of the disease. Basically, if the disease is in a stadium that does not require surgical surgery, complex therapy is prescribed, which includes the intake of drugs, the performance of therapeutic exercises and the passage of the healing massage path.
Medicines
The doctor prescribes drugs aimed at eliminating the symptoms of pain, outbreaks of inflammation and muscle tension, restoring the tissues of the cartilage, reintegrating the body with a complex of vitamin-immigrant in the form of capsules, injections, mutuals.
Therapeutic physical culture (exercise therapy)
Medical physical education is prescribed to restore blood circulation in the cervical region. Movements should not be sharpened, with excessive rotation or bending the head. It is necessary to imitate the listed movements. The exercises are performed no more than two minutes. The exercise treatment complex includes inclinations of the head forward and backward, without carrying out the action until the end.
Basic exercises used to treat osteochondrosis.
- The laying of "lying" on the stomach is accepted. The hands rest on the floor and the head and the bust increase. The rear remains straight. It is necessary to be in this position for about two minutes in 2-3 approaches.
- The laying of "lying" on the stomach is accepted. The hands stretch along the body. The heads of the head are made to the right and left, trying to touch the floor with the ear. 6-7 approaches for each side.
- The "session" installation is accepted. With an inhalation, there is an inclination forward, while trying to lengthen the chest with your head. When you exhale, a return to its original position is built, with a slight slope of the head. 10-15 approaches are performed.
- In the "session" laying, the palms of the hands are applied on the forehead, while they make a pressing movement. The head also reaches the palms, creating the effect of the resistance. 2-3 approaches of 30 seconds are performed.
- Circular movements of the headwhich are carried out very carefully and slowly to the right and left. Ten movements are performed in every direction, avoiding dizziness.
Therapeutic massage
In the treatment of osteocondrosis, the specialist makes massage movements in the area of the cervical region, in the collar area and at the top of the back. This procedure must be performed in a liar position so that the patient's body is relaxed.
The main therapeutic massage techniques:
- Caress- A technique in which the huge hand slips along the skin with a small degree of pressure, capturing the area of the base of the head and moving on the top of the back.
- Squeeze- A technique during which a stronger effect on the skin, on the subcutaneous tissue and a superficial layer of the muscles are performed. The skin of the skin with the fingers takes place carefully, bypassing the periprous fabrics.
- Shredding- It consists in the turn and stretching of fabrics in various directions to heat the skin and blood flow in the collar region.
- Kneading- The most difficult technique that affects deep muscle tissue. It is performed only on a doctor's recommendation, with caution, as it can lead to a complication of the disease.
Physiotherapy treatment method
For the treatment of the pathology of the intervertebral records of the cervical region, physiotherapy is prescribed.
- Drug electrophoresis-ArTrasonic-Fisiotherapy procedure performed under the modulated sinusoidal current.
- Laser therapy- This is the physiotherapy method, which activates blood circulation, eliminates the inflammatory process, reducing pain. Laser therapy is carried out to improve blood flow.
- Magnetotherapy- One of the methods based on the treatment of the exposure of magnetic fields, with the influence of which the tissue edema is removed and the pain is eliminated.
- Ultrasound therapy- The treatment allows to relieve pain, the inflammatory process, while improving blood circulation.
Traditional medicine in the treatment of osteochondosis of the cervical column
Folk methods for the treatment of osteochondosis do not work. This is due to the fact that these methods are able to temporarily alleviate the symptoms, but not to solve the main problem: the initial destructive effect in the spinal column. At home, the components of the plants can be used as a support complex for the main therapeutic treatment established by the doctor.
For pain in the cervical region, you can use:
- The flight leaves (treated with boiling water are applied to the focus of pain);
- raw and honey potatoes (potatoes are rubbed to form the baby food, mixed with honey in equal proportions and applied to the place of inflammation at least once a week);
- Mustard, pepper patch and rubbing with alcohol (used for local irritation, increased blood circulation and pain removal).
Preventive measures
To prevent the occurrence of one of the dangerous diseases, it is necessary to observe certain rules for life. Following the correct lifestyle can be prevented by many diseases. However, there are situations in which the disease is inherited and therefore it is worth careful about your health. Dietary nutrition enriched with vitamins and minerals, as well as moderate physical activity will help to maintain the body and even stop the development of a beginner disease.
Doctors' recommendations that will help prevent the aspect of the disease:
- Lead an active lifestyle, engage in swimming;
- observe proper nutrition;
- Eat foods with calcium, magnesium (seafood, legumes, dairy products -caseari, vegetables);
- Perform the physical heat daily, especially if the work is associated with a constant session position;
- Use special orthopedic cushions and sleep mattresses.
At any age, with osteochondrosis, it is worth leading a body examination regularly, as well as conducting a therapeutic physical culture with a regular massage, so with the disease you can live for a long time and with comfort.